انج 201 (bungee jumping)

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بحث حق مقرر انج201

 

عن الرياضات الخطره مثل bungee jumping مع مقدمه و خاتمه

 

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[اليتيمة]

Sky Surfing

 

The Most Extreme of the Extreme Sports

 

History of sky diving

A relatively new sport, sky surfing obviously developed from sky diving. Skydivers, whose focus has traditionally aligned within the discipline of formation flying, first began experimenting with boards in freefall about 15 years ago. This initial maneuver of lying down in flight was replaced with standing up on a board after a seven-year lull. Once this maneuver was perfected, athletes have become more and more daring and their flights more sophisticated. Sky surfing has been with the X Games since the game's conception in 1985.

 

Description of the sport

A cross between skateboarding and sky diving, sky surfing is a sport in which you jump out of an aircraft with a board strapped to your feet. You use the board during free fall to execute acrobatics by working against the slipstream, so you really are surfing, but on air rather than on water. Some of these acrobatics look spectacular, but they can be extremely dangerous if they're not done just right, because you can get into a spin that's impossible to recover from. For the above reasons, sky surfing is regarded as just about the most dangerous -- but also the most exhilarating of extreme sports.

 

 

 

Did you know?

Did you know that in most competitions today sky surfers compete in pairs, with one member of the duo filming the other as he executes a series of incredible aerial maneuvers? While spectators cannot see any of the action, the sport obviously offers some of the exciting sports footage and is a natural for filming.

 

On Ollies and the Origins of Skateboarding

In 1978 a young man revolutionized skateboarding. While riding, he pushed downward with his back foot, causing the front of the board to rise. He then jumped with the board, causing both the board and himself to lift into the air about five inches. This move has come to be known as the Ollie, after Alan "Ollie" Gelfand.

 

Skateboarding really is nothing more than riding a wheeled board as a surfer does a wave. It's no surprise then that its origins date back to sunny California in the 1950s, when some surfer dudes decided that they wanted to practice their moves on land. All over California, surfers and teenagers began constructing their own "land surfboards" by attaching roller wheel skates to wooden crates. A craze was born, which lasted until the mid 60s. An inferior product, clay wheels that did not grip the road well and numerous injuries, lead to decreased interest.

 

 

Then, in the early 80s, a new design that used polyurethane wheels and a wider board made the sport exciting again. Skateboarders could finally launch themselves off the ground and perform twists and turns, half pipes and ollies. A new generation of skateboarders emerged, a subculture of young kids who perfected their moves on the street, on handrails and cement ramps in parks. By the time the ESPN Extreme Games gave the sport even more visibility, Tony Hawk and Mark Gonzales were creating a new group of believers.

 

Women on...Board

Although the vast majority of skateboarders are male, women are gaining ground and creating their own role models for young girls to emulate. One of the top skateboarders in the world is Cara-Beth Burnside, a woman who was also a member of the 1998 U.S. Olympic snowboarding team. Amy Caron, Vanessa Torres, Monica Shaw, Jaime Reyes are some of the new names on the scene. In 1990, Patty Segovia organized the first All Girl Skate Jam -- a series of skating competitions in Reno, Nevada, in an effort to recognize female skateboarding. Since then, there have been 15 AGSJ’s held nationally and internationally. In August 2002, ESPN broadcast female skateboarding as part of its Philadelphia X-Games.

 

 

 

 

Despite the gains however, there is still resistance by some men over females skating in on their turf. The derogatory term "Skating Betty" exists to describe girls who want to meet cute guys, not skateboard seriously. Unfortunately for the cute guys, that's rarely the case with most girls who practice the sport.

 

Skateboarding requires patience and practice; attempting a move over and over again until you get it right. And until you do, bruises, sprains and maybe a broken leg or arm is part of the process. Despite the risks involved, young girls are flaunting their creativity and their success at defying gravity, as they lay down their tricks. Now who has time to flirt when there's so much to learn?